Improvement in compounds for manufacturing pipes



IUD. bUl'lrUOl I IUIIO| COATING 0R PLASTIC UNITED STATES w I l l U I LU I'UK IISINU \IUI'II JOHX H. BINGHAM, JT'LIAN H. GATES, AND JAMES H. ROOT, OF HARTFORD,

OXNECTICTTT.

IMPROVEMENT IN COMPOUNDS FOR MANUFACTURING PIPES, &c.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No.

1 52,961, dated July 14, 1874 application filed March 13, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN H: BINGIIABI, James 11. 110013, and JULIAN II. Guns, 01' Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and useful Composition of Matter, specially applicable to the manufacture of pipe and analogous articles for water, drain, and sewer purposes, of which the following is a specification:

()nr invention consists of a compound of metallic sla reduced to a proper degree of fineness ill a drv state, and in this dry state mixed with hvdraulic cement and water.

For the purpose of indicating, in a general way, the state of the art with ret'ercneoto the use of slag in building compolinds previousto this our present invention, we will say that we are aware of previousAmerican and English patents for reducing or eomminuting slag by plunging it, while hot, and as itcoincs from the furnace, into water; of a previous patent for washing copper slag withwater to remove the metal froni'it'faiill' of a previous patent deseribiu g a compound composed of burnt clay. slag, Portland cement, and a solution of ih ifi-iatic acid and water, an consthida tcd to 'gcther nnderal "pressure of from one to two tons to the square inch, the proportion of slag being about one-thirtieth of the whole, and the proportion of the cement about one-twentyfil'th of the whole.

Our slagis taken and crushed or broken upror'snmn pipes, by preference to th 1 s o' n'se sand, @ugh the presence of hir =1 umps is'iiht a gr :1 t or arger sl Tesof'pipm'bmproportionally coarser. The slag is broken, crushed, or comminuted in a dry state, and is kept dry till ased, and this dryness is gssep t it a lo may retain all its thirstiness or avidity for water till finally mixed with the cement and water to form our compound, so that the slagfilll, when thus mixed, take up the water used in the mixture with great rapidity, and thus cause the rapid setting and hardening of the compound, which process would be much retarded, and never so perfectly accomplished if the slag were once saturated with water hefore being used to form the mixture.

For making into pipe, the slag and eement are mixed with vatermuch the same as gravel and cement are mixed for making the common so-called cement pipe, and then tamped or pressed in appropriate molds, no cxtraordinary pressure being requisite.

The pipe formedof slag and cement is very much stronger, denser, and more durable than the common cement pipe.

The proportions of slag and cement that we have found to work well, and which, so far as our presentknowledge extends, we prefer, is two parts, by measure, of slgg to one part of cement, though we are satisfied that these exact proportions are not essential, and any pro portions of the two which will permanently and durably hang together will embraee'the spirit and essence of our invention.

\Yhen we say that we use dry slag we do not mean that a drop of water must not be permitted to touch it, for, after the slag is once cooled,the surface is generally found vie rilied, which prevents the absorption of water till the slag is broken up; but we mean that oug slag is not to l e reduccd or co np innted bv )lun 'in lnto \\'atei': "ffliilcl sjtlill:liot, or that and t on washed W it is not crushed ordirokepl W M or eater-area wltli 'wat r jn'evious' to u ixin g am-angle I or Hi" ceiii e'fi't it is possible that some substit-ute maybe used; but we, not being skilled in chemistry, cannot say what such substitutes may be. The essential element of our inven tion is the use of dry and comminuted or crushed slag in the making of pipe and analogous articles. This, in connection with hydranlic cement; or some equivalent therefor, so far as thedry crushed slag is concerned, we lay claim to no equivalent.

\Ve claim as our invention- A compound of dry crushed slag, cement. and water, as described.

JOIIX ll. BINGHAM. JULIAX H. GATES. JAMES ll. ROOT.

Witnesses:

W11. EDGAR Snroxns. J on Forum.

cxamlner 

